9 立足点(第5/5页)


[1] Weinstein,Donald. Ambassador from Venice:Pietro Pasqualigo in Lisbon,1501. Minneapolis,1960,p.77.

[2] Ibn Iyas. Journal d'un Bourgeois du Caire. Translated and edited by Gaston Wiet. Paris,1955,p.106.

[3] Correia(or Corrêa),Gaspar. Lendas da India. 1 vols. Lisbon,1860,p.308.

[4] Subrahmanyam,Sanjay. The Career and Legend of Vasco da Gama. Cambridge,1997,p.349.

[5] Castanheda,Fernão Lopes de. História do Descobrimento e Conquista da Índia Pelos Portugueses. Edited by M. Lopes de Almeida. 1 vols. Porto,1979,p.116.

[6] Sanceau,Elaine. Indies Adventure. London,1936,p.4.

[7] Camões,Luís Vaz de. The Lusíads. Translated by Landeg White. Oxford,1997,p.154.

[8] Noonan,Laurence A. John of Empoli and His Relations with Afonso de Albuquerque. Lisbon,1989,p.142.

[9] Sanceau,Elaine. Indies Adventure. London,1936,p.15.

[10] Noonan,Laurence A. John of Empoli and His Relations with Afonso de Albuquerque. Lisbon,1989,pp.144-145.

[11] Noonan,Laurence A. John of Empoli and His Relations with Afonso de Albuquerque. Lisbon,1989,pp.144-145.

[12] Castanheda,Fernão Lopes de. História do Descobrimento e Conquista da Índia Pelos Portugueses. Edited by M. Lopes de Almeida. 1 vols. Porto,1979,p.138.

[13] Castanheda,Fernão Lopes de. História do Descobrimento e Conquista da Índia Pelos Portugueses. Edited by M. Lopes de Almeida. 1 vols. Porto,1979,p.203.

[14] 原文如此,应为约33%。

[15] 富格尔家族是德意志商业和银行业大亨,曾统治15~16世纪的欧洲工商业。家族的创立者汉斯·富格尔(1348~1409年)是奥格斯堡的织工。在他的孙子乌尔里希(1441~1510年)、格奥尔格(1453~1506年),特别是雅各布(1459~1525年)的经营下,公司开展国际贸易,包括香料和奴隶贸易,并通过开采铜矿和银矿获得大量财富。富格尔家族给予各国国王和皇帝贷款,并参与教皇免罪符的贩售,使家族在欧洲政治中具有很大的影响力,因而招致马丁·路德的批评。查理五世因得到富格尔家族的财力支持,得以当选神圣罗马皇帝。16世纪后,富格尔家族逐渐衰落,但三个有爵位的支系一直延续到20世纪。

[16] Weinstein,Donald. Ambassador from Venice:Pietro Pasqualigo in Lisbon,1501. Minneapolis,1960,p.81.